Tooth agenesis is a rare developmental dental anomaly in humans. It is characterized by the absence of six or more teeth, lack of development of maxillary and mandibular alveolar bone height, problems in tooth eruption and exfoliation. There is considerable variation in the morphology of teeth between patients. Based on the number of missing teeth, tooth agenesis is classified as hypodontia (one to five missing teeth), oligodontia (six or more missing teeth) and anodontia (complete lack of tooth development).
Incidence of syndromic and non-syndromic oligodontia in Europe varies from 1/625 to 1/1,250. Diagnoses can be established through clinical examination and intra-oral x-ray. Treatment is provided through multidisciplinary team.