KRAS Proto-Oncogene, GTPase

Alternative Names

  • KRAS
  • V-Ki-Ras2 Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog
  • Oncogene KRAS2
  • KRAS2
  • Kirsten Murine Sarcoma Virus 2
  • RASK2
  • C-KRAS

Associated Diseases

Breast Cancer; Lung Cancer
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OMIM Number

190070

NCBI Gene ID

3845

Uniprot ID

P01116

Length

46,148 bases

No. of Exons

6

No. of isoforms

2

Protein Name

GTPase KRas

Molecular Mass

21656 Da

Amino Acid Count

189

Genomic Location

chr12:25,204,789-25,250,936

Gene Map Locus
12p12.1

Description

KRAS encodes a protein named GTPase KRas, which belongs to the small GTPase superfamily of proteins. GTPase KRas has intrinsic GTPase activity and it regulates signaling pathways that control cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell death.

Defects in KRAS cause different types of cancers, including acute myelogenous leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, pylocytic astrocytoma, mucinous adenoma, and ductal carcinoma. Additionally, mutations in KRAS are associated with oculoectodermal syndrome and Noonan syndrome 3.

Epidemiology in the Arab World

View Map
Variant NameCountryGenomic LocationClinvar Clinical SignificanceCTGA Clinical Significance Condition(s)HGVS ExpressionsdbSNPClinvar
NM_033360.4:c.34G>ALebanonchr12:25245351PathogenicPathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10570G>A; NM_033360.4:c.34G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Ser12191353012584
NM_033360.4:c.34G>TLebanonchr12:25245351Likely Pathogenic, PathogenicLikely Pathogenic, PathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10570G>T; NM_033360.4:c.34G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Cys12191353012578
NM_033360.4:c.35G>ALebanonchr12:25245350Likely Pathogenic, PathogenicLikely Pathogenic, PathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10571G>A; NM_033360.4:c.35G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Asp12191352912582
NM_033360.4:c.35G>CLebanonchr12:25245350Likely Pathogenic, PathogenicPathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10571G>C; NM_033360.4:c.35G>C; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Ala12191352945122
NM_033360.4:c.35G>TLebanonchr12:25245350Likely Pathogenic, PathogenicPathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10571G>T; NM_033360.4:c.35G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Val12191352912583
NM_033360.4:c.37G>TLebanonchr12:25245348PathogenicPathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10573G>T; NM_033360.4:c.37G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly13Cys12191353545123
NM_033360.4:c.38G>ALebanonchr12:25245347Likely Pathogenic, PathogenicPathogenicLung CancerNG_007524.1:g.10574G>A; NM_033360.4:c.38G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly13Asp11244544112580

Other Reports

Arab

Al-Shamsi et al. 2021 delineated the somatic mutational spectrum and frequency in Arab women with breast cancer. 78 women mostly with stage 3 or 4 breast cancer exhibited mutations and mutation rates in the following genes: TP53, 23.1%; ATM, 2.6%; IDH1, 2.6%; IDH2, 3.8%; PTEN, 7.7%; PIK3CA, 15.4%; APC, 7.7%; NPM1, 2.5%; MPL, 1.3%; JAK2, 2.5%; KIT, 7.7%; KRAS, 3.8%; and NRAS, 3.8%

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