Mannosidosis, Alpha B, Lysosomal

Alternative Names

  • MANSA
  • Alpha-Mannosidosis
  • Lysosomal Alpha-D-Mannosidase Deficiency
  • Alpha-Mannosidase B Deficiency
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WHO-ICD-10 version:2010

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Metabolic disorders

OMIM Number

248500

Mode of Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Gene Map Locus

19p13.2

Description

Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-D-mannosidase. Alpha-mannosidosis is divided into three subtypes: a mild, slowly progressive form (type 1); a moderate form (type 2); and a severe, often rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening form (type 3). Symptoms range widely in their onset and severity. Symptoms may include distinctive facial features, skeletal abnormalities such as osteopenia, calvaria, vertebrae, bowed legs or knock knees, and deterioration of the bones and joints, hearing loss, intellectual disability, and dysfunction of the immune system, such as lupus erythemadoses, pancytopenia, hypothyroidism or primary biliary cirrhosis. Prevalence is estimated to be 1 in 500,000 live births.

Diagnosis of the condition is based on measuring acid alpha-mannosidase activity in leukocytes or other nucleated cells, and it can be confirmed by genetic testing for the MAN2B1 gene. Management should be proactive, preventing complications and optimizing quality of life, and may include early use of antibiotics for bacterial infections, hearing aids for hearing loss, insertion of pressure-equalizing tubes if fluid accumulates in the middle ear, glasses to correct refractive error, physiotherapy, use of a wheelchair, orthopedic intervention, and shunting as needed for hydrocephalus. Educational considerations may include use of sign language for individuals with hearing loss, early educational intervention for development of social skills, speech therapy, and special education to maximize learning.

Epidemiology in the Arab World

View Map
Subject IDCountrySexFamily HistoryParental ConsanguinityHPO TermsVariantZygosityMode of InheritanceReferenceRemarks
248500.1.1PalestineMaleYesYes Intellectual disability, mild; Delayed ...NM_000528.4:c.215A>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveBach et al. 1978; Nilssen et al. 1997
248500.1.2PalestineMaleYesYes Intellectual disability, mild; Delayed...NM_000528.4:c.215A>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveBach et al. 1978; Nilssen et al. 1997 Brother of 248500.1....
248500.2United Arab EmiratesUnknownNM_000528.4:c.2368C>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveBen-Rebeh et al. 2012
248500.3United Arab EmiratesUnknownNM_000528.3:c.2119C>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveBen-Rebeh et al. 2012
248500.4United Arab EmiratesFemaleYesYes Global developmental delayNM_000528.3:c.2356-2A>GHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveSaleh et al. 2021 Affected sister
248500.5United Arab EmiratesFemaleNoYes Intellectual disability; Global developm...NM_000528.3:c.1973G>AHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveSaleh et al. 2021
248500.6United Arab EmiratesUnknownNM_000528.3:c.2356-2A>GHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveBertoli-Avella et al. 2021
248500.G.1United Arab EmiratesNM_000528.3:c.2119C>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveAl-Jasmi et al. 2013 3 patients belonging...
248500.G.2United Arab EmiratesNM_000528.4:c.2368C>THomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveAl-Jasmi et al. 2013 2 patients belonging...

Other Reports

Saudi Arabia

Moammar et al. (2010) reviewed all patients diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) from 1983 to 2008 at Saudi Aramco medical facilities in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Among them, 2 cases from a single family were found to have mannosidosis with an estimated incidence of 1 per 100,000 live births.

United Arab Emirates

Finocchiaro et al. 2018 conducted a review of epidemiological studies pertaining to alpha-mannosidosis (AM) and found the overal incidence of AM in UAE to be 1.51 per 100,000 live births. The authors noted that this was a high level of incidence when compared globally. 

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